Is it a true terrarium?
Open container gardens
Layer the substrate
Ferns
Ferns generally prefer shady, humid conditions, making great picks for terrariums. Spider ferns (Arachnoides simplicior; pictured here) enjoy minimal light and high humidity and grow up to sixteen inches tall. The maidenhair fern (Adiantum) is also a common choice in terrariums for its lacy fronds and bright green leaves, but it requires some pruning so be sure to keep it in an accessible container.
Fittonia
Also known as nerve plant or mosaic plant, this South American native loves warm, highly humid environments with medium light. Lined with white, red, or pink veins, its stiff leaves are an attractive addition to large-bottle terrariums. For a dwarf variety with white veins, try Fittonia argyroneura. Those looking for colorful streaks will like Fittonia verschafeltii.
Moss on moss
When it comes to design, terrarium tenders can layer plants that vary in height and shape, or keep it consistent by mixing up moss varieties as shown here. TerraSphere Terrarium combines pincushion moss (Leucobryum glaucum) and reindeer moss (Cladonia rangiferina) inside this striking diamond-shaped container. Follow suit or use moss as a groundcover and place larger plants above.
Venus flytrap
While it’s a carnivorous plant by nature, the insect-eating Venus flytrap (Dionaea muscipula) doesn’t need bugs to survive. It flourishes in terrariums. For an ideal environment, plant in sphagnum moss, add a little sand and leaf mold, keep it moist, and position in full sun to bring out its deep red hues.
Pteris
Also known as table fern or Victoria fern, these tropical plants come forked with color and texture. With so many varieties to choose from, start with silver lace (Pteris Quadriaurita ‘Argydraea’), Pteris Cretica ‘Albo-Lineata,’ or Pteris ensiformis (pictured here).
Pilea
These juicy-stemmed plants come with full leaves and varying textures, but can easily become leggy as they reach for light if put in too much shade. Plant in regular potting mix with good drainage and try to maintain moist, but not soggy, soil. For silver-brushed leaves as shown here, plant Pilea cadierei. Other noteworthy varieties include Pilea microphylla for its bright, fernlike leaves, or moon valley (Pilea mollis) with its maroon center and lime-green edges.